• A next-generation astronomical observatory with a primary mirror diameter of 30 meters.
• Involves international collaboration among India, the United States, Canada, China, and Japan.
• Designed to study the early universe, galaxies, supermassive black holes, stars, and exoplanets.

Key Features:

• Mirror System: Primary mirror composed of 

• Instruments: Includes the Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (IRIS) and Wide-Field Optical Spectrograph (WFOS).
• Adaptive Optics System (AOS): Uses the Narrow Field Infrared Adaptive Optics System (NFIRAOS) to correct atmospheric turbulence with deformable mirrors and laser guide stars.
• Indian Contribution: Indian scientists developed a tool for generating a comprehensive catalogue of near-infrared (NIR) stars for NFIRAOS.