• Three New Laws:
  • Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS): Replaces Indian Penal Code (IPC)
  • Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS): Replaces Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC)
  • Bharatiya Sakshya Act (BSA): Replaces Indian Evidence Act (IEA)

Key Features:

• Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita (BNS2):
  • Retains existing IPC provisions on core crimes.
  • Introduces new offences (organized crime, terrorism).
  • Includes community service as punishment.
  • Defines and penalizes terrorism, organized crime, mob lynching.
  • Raises age of consent in gang rape cases to 18.
  • Abolishes sedition, replaces with provisions against national disunity.
  • Increases punishment for negligent deaths.

• Aligns with Supreme Court judgments on adultery and life imprisonment.
• Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS2):

• • • Stricter bail conditions for serious crimes.
    • Easier access to medical examinations for detainees.
    • Mandatory forensic examination for serious crimes.
    • Collection of fingerprints and voice samples.
    • Strict timelines for trials, updates, and charge framing.
    • Eliminates distinction between magistrate and metropolitan magistrate courts.
• Bharatiya Sakshya Act (BSA2):

• • Expands definition of documents to include electronic records.
  • Classifies electronic records as primary evidence.
  • Allows electronic testimony (witnesses, accused, victims).
  • Grants legal equivalence to electronic and paper records.
  • Clarifies rules on joint trials in absentia.